11,605 research outputs found
Addressing the stability issue of perovskite solar cells for commercial applications.
Abstract When translating photovoltaic technology from laboratory to commercial products, low cost, high power conversion efficiency, and high stability (long lifetime) are the three key metrics to consider in addition to other factors, such as low toxicity, low energy payback time, etc. As one of the most promising photovoltaic materials with high efficiency, today organic–inorganic metal halide perovskites draw tremendous attention from fundamental research, but their practical relevance still remains unclear owing to the notorious short device operation time. In this comment, we discuss the stability issue of perovskite photovoltaics and call for standardized protocols for device characterizations that could possibly match the silicon industrial standards
Octet-baryon masses in finite space
We report on a recent study of finite-volume effects on the lowest-lying
octet baryon masses using the covariant baryon chiral perturbation theory up to
next-to-leading order by analysing the latest lattice QCD results
from the NPLQCD Collaboration.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure; parallel talk delivered by XLR at the 14th
national conference on nuclear structure, April 12nd - 16th, 2012, Huzhou,
Chin
Soft-Defined Heterogeneous Vehicular Network: Architecture and Challenges
Heterogeneous Vehicular NETworks (HetVNETs) can meet various
quality-of-service (QoS) requirements for intelligent transport system (ITS)
services by integrating different access networks coherently. However, the
current network architecture for HetVNET cannot efficiently deal with the
increasing demands of rapidly changing network landscape. Thanks to the
centralization and flexibility of the cloud radio access network (Cloud-RAN),
soft-defined networking (SDN) can conveniently be applied to support the
dynamic nature of future HetVNET functions and various applications while
reducing the operating costs. In this paper, we first propose the multi-layer
Cloud RAN architecture for implementing the new network, where the multi-domain
resources can be exploited as needed for vehicle users. Then, the high-level
design of soft-defined HetVNET is presented in detail. Finally, we briefly
discuss key challenges and solutions for this new network, corroborating its
feasibility in the emerging fifth-generation (5G) era
GenomeFingerprinter and universal genome fingerprint analysis for systematic comparative genomics
How to compare whole genome sequences at large scale has not been achieved
via conventional methods based on pair-wisely base-to-base comparison;
nevertheless, no attention was paid to handle in-one-sitting a number of
genomes crossing genetic category (chromosome, plasmid, and phage) with farther
divergences (much less or no homologous) over large size ranges (from Kbp to
Mbp). We created a new method, GenomeFingerprinter, to unambiguously produce
three-dimensional coordinates from a sequence, followed by one
three-dimensional plot and six two-dimensional trajectory projections to
illustrate whole genome fingerprints. We further developed a set of concepts
and tools and thereby established a new method, universal genome fingerprint
analysis. We demonstrated their applications through case studies on over a
hundred of genome sequences. Particularly, we defined the total genetic
component configuration (TGCC) (i.e., chromosome, plasmid, and phage) for
describing a strain as a system, and the universal genome fingerprint map
(UGFM) of TGCC for differentiating a strain as a universal system, as well as
the systematic comparative genomics (SCG) for comparing in-one-sitting a number
of genomes crossing genetic category in diverse strains. By using UGFM,
UGFM-TGCC, and UGFM-TGCC-SCG, we compared a number of genome sequences with
farther divergences (chromosome, plasmid, and phage; bacterium, archaeal
bacterium, and virus) over large size ranges (6Kbp~5Mbp), giving new insights
into critical problematic issues in microbial genomics in the post-genomic era.
This paper provided a new method for rapidly computing, geometrically
visualizing, and intuitively comparing genome sequences at fingerprint level,
and hence established a new method of universal genome fingerprint analysis for
systematic comparative genomics.Comment: 63 pages, 15 figures, 5 table
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